GEOTHERMAL ENERGY RESOURCES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN SRI LANKA: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS
D. L. S. Hansanie1 and T. Bambaravanage2*
1 General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka, 2 Institute of Technology University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Session: Technical Session B
Abstract
Sustainable development faces critical challenges including rapid population growth, energy shortages, and rising environmental pollution. With global electricity generation anticipated to triple by 2035, geothermal energy emerges as a notable solution due to its abundance, low CO2 emissions, and stability. Despite geothermal energy accounting for approximately 0.3% of global power generation and 1.5% of renewable power, it remains underutilized compared to other renewable sources. The United States and China are leaders in geothermal applications having made significant advancements in recent years. This review paper examines the potential of geothermal energy for Sri Lanka, a nation grappling with increasing energy demands and environmental concerns. Through an analysis of 25 research papers and technical reports, this study evaluates various geothermal power generation methodologies and assesses the suitability of Sri Lanka's geothermal resources. The findings highlight the feasibility of different geothermal technologies, taking into account local temperature profiles and geographical distribution. The review also addresses environmental impacts, challenges, and the potential benefits of geothermal energy for Sri Lanka, advocating for its development as a viable, low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels.
Keywords: geothermal energy, geothermal resources, Sri Lanka, hot springs, renewable energy
DOI: 10.64752/CSMX4418